On Saturday, 21st of May 2011, I visited Museum Kebangkitan Nasional which is located in the center of Jakarta, at Jl. Abdulrahman Saleh no. 26. My friends and I gathered in Circle K near SMA Labschool Kebayoran at 11.30. After we got together, we hit the road immediately because we were afraid that the museum would be closed early on weekends. It was hard to find the building and we spent most of our times on the road. We thought it would be better to go to a random museum on our way because we were afraid when we got to Museum Kebangkitan Nasional it would already be closed. We almost went to Gedung Joeang ’45, but it was closed at 12.00 every weekends. Finally, we found the Museum Kebangkitan Nasional building after an hour and a half looking for it. We were so glad our hard work to find the museum was not wasted, because it turned out that we could get into the museum with no charge as a result of an exhibition being held that day. The museum was exhibiting various collections of historical objects relating to the history of Indonesia’s national revival in achieving its independence.
Gedung Kebangkitan Nasional was built in 1899, and completed in 1901. This building was inaugurated as STOVIA (School Tot Opleiding Inlandsche Arsten) building in March of 1902. STOVIA was a medical school for indigenous students who came from various regions in Indonesia during the colonial period. In 1920, STOVIA was moved to Jl. Salemba no. 6 because this building is not eligible for medical education. Five years later, the former building of STOVIA was used for MULO (junior high school equivalent), AMS (high school equivalent), and Pharmacist Assistant School. This school lasted until 1942. During Japanese occupation the former building of STOVIA was used by Japanese soldier as a prison for the Dutch soldiers who were captured throughout the war. The name STOVIA was still used until August 9th 1927, when medical education was officially designated into higher education with the name ‘Geneeskundige Hoogeschool’ (School of Medicine). Afterthat the name had been changed several times, it was called ‘Ika Daigaku’ during the Japanese occupation , and later became ‘Perguruan Tinggi Kedokteran Republik Indonesia’ in the early days of Indonesian independence. Since February 2nd 1950 and up till now, this school is called ‘Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia’.
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| Me, Alya, and R. Soetomo's statue |
The first room we visited was the ‘Introduction Room’. This room described the arrivals of the westerners in Indonesia, until the emergence of local resistance. There was a statue of dr.R. Soetomo in this room. Dr.Soetomo was a student at Stovia and the founding father of Budi Utomo which was the first organization for indonesians. He was born in Ngepeh, Loceret, East Java on July 30th 1888. In 1903 Soetomo got into medical school and graduated from STOVIA in April 11th 1911. Together with his friends from STOVIA, Soetomo established Budi Utomo on May 20th 1908. It was since known as the National Awakening Day.
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| Me & VOC miniature ship |
Still in the introduction room, there was a miniature of Dutch’s VOC ship. In 1595, a Dutch ship landed for the first time in Banten. The ship was under the command of Cornelis de Houtman. Since then, lots of Dutch trading ships had come to Indonesia. To avoid competition among the traders, they established a trading joint venture named VOC (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie) in 1602. VOC caused feud between indigenous people and Dutch invaders.
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| Spices |
There are also spices in this room. Spices are the aromatic part of plants that is used in small quantities for cooking. Spices are the most valuable commodities in the pre colonial era. That was one of the reasons why Portuguese came to India and Moluccas. The same reason why the Dutch came to Moluccas, while Spain was looking for another way to go to the East and ended up landed themselves in America.
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| Me & Keris |
Other than spices and R. Soetomo’s sculpture, there were also traditional weapons in the introduction room. One of the weapon displayed was Keris. Fight between Indonesia and Dutch colonial was done by means of war. Armed resistance occurred in almost all regions in Indonesia. Each region has a traditional weapon that has a different characteristic, such as: Keris (Java), Mandau (Borneo), Badik (Sulawesi), and Rencong (Aceh). Keris is a weapon who has pointy and sharp figures on both sides with many cultural functions which best known in the western and central of archipelago. The shape of keris is different from other weapons, because it’s not symmetrical and widened at the base.
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| Me & Alya in the STOVIA demonstration classroom |
After we have done walking around the introduction room, we moved on to the ‘early national movement room’. This room described the rise of national movement in Indonesia. In the early national movement room, there was a demonstration classroom of STOVIA with life size statues placed in one of the class room. By looking at the statues, we could see that students used to wear semi-traditional dress to school.
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| Me in the kartini class |
Next to the STOVIA demonstration classroom, there was Kartini class. R.A. Kartini was born in Jepara, on April 21st 1879. Kartini realized that in order to advance the nation, she should fought for women education. Her first effort was to establish a class in serambi pendopo, that was held four times a week. Kartini taught her students how to read, write, do crafts, cook, and sew. Kartini died in Rembang, Central of Java on September 17th 1904 at the age of 25. After she died, her effort was continued by building schools in Semarang, Jakarta, and other cities.
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| H.F. Roll defending R. Soetomo |
Still in the early national movement room, we saw a demonstration of H.F. Roll (Director of STOVIA) defending R. Soetomo. He tried to defended him after the faculty meeting. The lecturers of STOVIA were very concered about the aspiration of Budi Utomo, and threatened to expel R. Soetomo. H.F. Roll successfully defended Soetomo by saying, “Apakah diantara tuan-tuan yang hadir disini tidak ada yang lebih merah dari Soetomo waktu tuan-tuan berumur 18 tahun?”.
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| dining chairs and table of STOVIA students |
After sightseeing in the early national movement room, we went to the ‘national awareness’ room. This room illustrates the nationality of R.A. Kartini, Dewi Sartika, and others. Inside this room, there are dining chairs and tables of STOVIA students.
Afterwards, we went to the ‘national movement’ room. This room describes the beginning of national movement in Indonesia, which started with the establishment of Budi Utomo, Indische Partij, Muhammadiyah, and so forth.
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| surgical equipment |
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| microscopes |
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| ventilalor |
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| measuring instrument |
Inside the national movement room, there were surgical equipment such as: operating tools which is used to help to attach the skin (retractor), anus cleaner (colon) and wereused before the surgery in order to clean the dirt (spooler), a tool to retrieve soft and hard tissues (tweezers), tools to open wounds on the skin (Right L), a tool to drop anesthetize (open drop), a tool to suck the blood fluid during the surgery (suction), operation lamp, bougie kinet bone, drillboor, respa, knabel tang, scalpels, wondhaak, trilene inhaler, plugs rectum, lenetthrooscoop, catheter, and tooth bein. There’s also ventilator, microscopes, and various kinds of measuring instrument displayed in this room.
After done sightseeing in the national movement room, we went to the ‘propaganda studie fonds’ room. This room showed us about the meeting between dr.Wahidin and STOVIA students. It demonstrated the discussions about the state of society in general which was lagging behind in education, and because of that they formed the Studie Fonds.
Then, we went to the ‘budi utomo memorial’ room. This room was once used to practice anatomy, and become the most historic place among the other room because Soetomo and his friends founded Budi Utomo in this room, on May 20th 1908. After the budi utomo memorial room, there was a ‘press’ room which described the struggleness of Indonesia’s press.
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| Museum Kebangkitan Nasional field |
Visiting Museum Kebangkitan Nasional was very inspiring to me, but unfortunately not many people have heard about it. My friends and I chose to visit this museum because we were curious and bored with the museum we have already visited so far. I think future doctors should visit this museum. I am sure someday this museum will become one of the most famous museum in Indonesia :D
aminn.......
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